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Money Lessons for Professional Athletes

  • October 17, 2019/
  • Posted By : admin/
  • 0 comments /
  • Under : Seeking Prudent Advice

athletes“Many NFL, NBA and Major League Baseball players have a penchant for losing most or all of their money. It doesn’t matter how much they make. And the ways they blow it are strikingly similar.”
— Sports Illustrated

Barry Ritholtz gives a good run down on how professional athletes go broke:

Youth and inexperience: Most professionals see their salary gradually increase over the course of their career. By the time they are making the big bucks, age and experience has taught them (more or less) how to manage their finances.

Not so for the pro athlete. After being an unpaid student athlete in college, they suddenly have access to millions of dollars. I don’t know about you, but I am fairly certain that if someone gave me $2 million when I was 21, I would have died in a fiery Ferrari wreck or some other foolish thing. It is a simple formula: Youth plus inexperience with money equals bad outcomes.

Athletes have short careers: Injuries, trades and the sheer quality of competitive talent means a twenty-year sports career is the exception, not the rule. On the other hand, white-collar professionals enjoy careers that last 30, 40, even 50 years — more time to amass their wealth, as well as a much longer period to figure out how to manage it.

Young athletes spend too much money: Suffice it to say they spend lots and lots of money, often more than they actually have. Divorce, child support and the costs of an entourage all eat into the cash flow.

Dazzled by the lifestyles of veterans — whose longevity and endorsement deals put them way ahead of the average player in terms of income — these professional competitors may feel pressure to compete off the field. Trying to keep up is a recipe for disaster.

Everyone takes home much less than they realize: Holding aside the issue of unwise spending, let’s look at nondiscretionary spending. GQ analyzed the finances of the typical athlete making $5 million a year. Right off the top, Uncle Sam and the resident state where he plays takes a hefty share — about half for someone in that top tax bracket. Then you have the professional managers, lawyers, accountants, etc. The agent takes $250,000, while the manager may take up to twice that amount. Trainers, nutritionists, travel and courtesy tickets all eat into the net.

Before spending the first discretionary dollar, the typical $5 million player is already down about 70 percent of the gross, to $1.5 million. That sounds like a lot of money, but a naive kid who has a $5 million dollar budget in his head can quickly find himself way behind.

Barry’s five simple steps that athletes (and non-athletes!) can take to avoid financial crisis:

1 Be involved: It is important that a young investor becomes involved with financial planning from the beginning of a career. He should understand what his take-home pay is (after taxes and fees) — and know what he is spending money on.

Be aware of the other numbers involved: What your career expectancy is. How much you are likely to make. What it is going to cost to live a certain lifestyle.

2 Have a plan: A young athlete should plan for three phases of a career: rookie years, top earning years and the life after sports.

In the first part of a career, the emphasis should be on improving your game, and saving money. Don’t worry about indulging in luxuries; you have the rest of your life to do that. Once you enter your prime earning years, you can loosen up a touch and spend more — but always within your means.

The last part of athletes’ careers is often the longest: when they are no longer playing professional ball. Having enough saved to carry them for the next 40 years is important. So, too, is having a second career — whether as an entrepreneur or a color commentator on TV sports broadcasts or as a coach.

Mapping out a workable plan for these three phases is crucial to avoiding that “other” phase: Bankruptcy.

3 Keep your costs low early in your career: Investors learn that costs, taxes and excessive fees are a killer of portfolios over the long term. So, too, are all of the small costs that eat into a professional athlete’s financial pie.

It helps to find a more seasoned and experienced teammate to walk you through what you should and should not be paying for.

4 Avoid debt and leverage: Learning to live within your means is a crucial financial skill for anyone. It is especially valuable for someone earning big bucks for what is likely a few short seasons. Debt simply means you are living beyond your means, even at those big salaries.

The latest snare waiting to trip up the unwary and impatient young athlete is the payday loan. For a very large fee, professional athletes can get huge advances on their salaries. These loans can be usurious, with fees and interest adding up to annual rates of 25 percent or higher. These are to be avoided at all costs.

5 Keep your investments simple: What most people think is the hardest aspect of finance is in reality the simplest: Avoid complex (private placements) or expensive (hedge funds or private equity) investments. Don’t make loans to friends or family. Don’t back start-ups. Don’t invest in new technology. Never buy fancy financial “products.” And whatever you do, for God’s sake, don’t put money into a restaurant.

Instead, have a simple asset allocation model of broad indices (U.S. equities, emerging market stocks, corporate bonds and Treasuries). You are in your early 20s, so you should have a 40- to 50-year time horizon for these investments. Don’t waste your time stock-picking or timing, just let the markets work for you. Build a portfolio of high quality, tax-free municipal bonds (especially if you live in a high tax state). These will pay you an income as long as you hold them.

Source:
Barry Ritholtz / WP


Inherited IRAs

  • October 11, 2019/
  • Posted By : admin/
  • 0 comments /
  • Under : Best Practices, Retirement

inherited-iraInheritances received via an IRA can be advantageous since you can choose to stretch the required distributions across your life expectancy, giving the assets more time to grow (plus taxes aren’t due until withdrawals are made). Here are key best practices to keep in mind:

  • When you inherit an IRA from anyone other than your spouse, you can’t roll it over into your own IRA
  • Instead, you have to retitle the IRA so it is clear the owner died and you are the beneficiary
  • If you move the account to a new custodian, make sure it is a “trustee to trustee” transfer”
  • If the check is mistakenly made out to you, the IRS will consider it a “total distribution” subject to tax and if you are anyone other than the surviving spouse, it would effectively end the IRA
  • Be aware there are deadlines for all of these actions
  • If the IRA owner dies after age 70 1/2 (when required withdrawals start) and didn’t yet take a withdrawal for the year, the heir has to do so by December 31
    (if you miss the deadline, you are subject to a 50% penalty on the amount you should have withdrawn!)
  • If you are a nonspouse beneficiary, determine the required distribution by looking up your life expectancy on the single-life table in IRS publication 590
    (most IRA custodians will calculate the required withdrawal amount for you but you need to make sure they are using the inherited IRA calculation)
  • Once you receive a 1099 form, confirm that the custodian properly indicated the distribution as a code “4”

HSA = Tax Triple Play!

  • October 4, 2019/
  • Posted By : admin/
  • 0 comments /
  • Under : Retirement, Saving Money

health-savings-accountTis the season to select your health insurance plan either through your employer’s offering or the private insurance market. If you’re considering a high-deductible health plan (HDHP), keep in mind that many (but not all!) come with the fantastic opportunity called a Health Savings Account (HSA).

We love HSAs because they do two things:

  1. They help you pay for your medical costs either today or in the future
  2. They are triple tax advantaged

The government makes these accounts triple tax-advantaged because they want to incentivize you to save for your future medical costs. We know as the nation greys and gets older, we need to have a pot of money set aside to cover our potential out-of-pocket costs.

Here’s the triple tax saving advantage:

  1. When you have an HSA account attached to a high-deductible plan, you get to take a tax deduction on your current your contribution.  For families, it’s $7,000 in 2019 ($7,100 in 2020). This means you get to lower your adjusted gross income by $7,000, a tax savings of potentially around $2,000 if you take into account state and federal income taxes. That’s $170 of savings each month if you do a little rounding. That’s pretty incredible.  That’s step 1 – you get a tax deduction in current year.  If you’re age 55 or older, you eligible for a $1,000 “catch-up contribution” so your can lower your AGI by $7,900 (thus lowering your tax bill by ~$2,300 or $190 a month).
  2. Layer two of the triple tax advantage is it grows completely tax deferred meaning it is growing without taxation on any appreciation, any dividends, or any income that’s going on a long as that money is sitting in the HSA account.
  3. Here’s the third layer and really the knockout that makes it an awesome savings tool for the future.  If you use the money in the future for medical expenses, your HSA distributions are completely tax free.
    (Here’s another cool thing.  Once you reach retirement, you don’t have to use your HSA for medical expenses, but if you want them to be tax free, it needs to be medical expenses.)

Be careful when you select a high-deductible health plan (HDHP) to make sure it qualifies for HSA eligibility:

  1. HDHP minimum deductibles: self-only $1,350 in 2019 ($1,400  in 2020); family: $2,700 in 2019 ($2,800 in 2020)
  2. HDHP maximum out-of-pocket amounts: self only $6,650 in 2019 ($6,900 in 2020); family $13,500 in 2019 ($13,800 in 2020)

HSAs can be one of your best friends for the future.

hsa


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