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The Best Advisors Will Tell You “NO”

As a fiduciary we’re obligated to put our clients’ interests first. This essential mandate can on occasion run into direct conflict with what a client wants. There are circumstances where an advisor knows that what the client is requesting defies common sense and is at odds with his or her long-term interest.

What kind of things are we talking about? Here’s a short list courtesy Barry Ritholtz:

• Taking on more risk than is prudent.

• Buying the hot new thing.

• Participating in an expensive, underperforming private investment (e.g., hedge funds, venture capital).

• Using excess leverage.

• Following the advice of pundits or talking heads.

• Overtrading.

• Pursuing the latest media fixation.

• Speculating in commodities.

• Allowing emotions to steer investments.

• Buying low-quality, high-yield “junk” fixed income paper.

• Buying non-liquid investments (private equity, gated private investments).

• Market timing.

• Buying IPOs.

• Cherry-picking portfolio allocations.

Our gently communicated but firm response to all of these is “NO.” All the academic research in the world suggests these are a bad bet. As Barry says, “if you want to make an expensive gamble, enjoy a lovely vacation to Monte Carlo, but please leave your retirement plans out of it.”

That’s our stance on this issue and we take it from a position of deep care and protection for our clients. But what’s your opinion? Should advisors do what a client wants, even when the advisor knows it is not in the client’s best interests?

P.S. In case you’re wondering…here’s what a big “YES” is in our book:
We invest through a broadly diversified set of indexes via a robust asset allocation model. It is global, inexpensive and primarily passive. It is statistically what is most likely to generate the highest returns for the least amount of risk over the long-term.

10 Signs You Own the Right Portfolio

The following elegant observation comes courtesy of Jonathan Clements.

You’re so well diversified that you always own at least one disappointing investment.
Your livelihood isn’t riding on both your paycheck and your employer’s stock.
If the stock market’s performance over the next five years was miserable, you wouldn’t be.
You can remember the last time you rebalanced.
You have no clue how your investments will perform, but a great handle on how much they’ll cost you.
You don’t have any hot stocks to boast about.
For every dollar you’ve salted away, you have an eventual use in mind—and the dollars are invested accordingly.
Jim Cramer? Who’s that?
A year from now, you plan to own the same investments.
You never say to yourself, “Wow, I didn’t expect that.”

Source: JC

10 Cognitive Biases That Affect Your Investment & Everyday Decisions

Research suggests that we make up to 35,000 decisions every single day. Emotions, experiences, and environment can strongly influence our decision making process. Enjoy the cartoons below and learn more about common cognitive biases that impact your everyday life and your investing behavior.

Bandwagon Effect: Believing or doing something because people around you believe or do it

Availability Heuristic: Overestimating the importance of information that is easiest to recall

Dunning-Kruger Effect: Unskilled individuals overestimating their  abilities and experts underestimating theirs

Framing Effect: Drawing different conclusions from the  same information presented differently

Confirmation Bias: Seeking and prioritizing information  that confirms your existing beliefs

Curse of Knowledge: Struggling to see a problem from the perspective of someone with less knowledge than you

Reactance: The desire to do the opposite of what is requested or  advised, due to a perceived threat to freedom of choice

The Sunk Cost Fallacy: Refusing to abandon something unrewarding because you’ve already invested in it

Hindsight Bias: Believing that you could have predicted an event after it has occurred

Anchoring Effect: Excessively focusing on the first piece of  information you receive when making a decision

Source: Towergate

Advice for New (and soon-to-be) Retirees

A few years ago the consulting firm PricewaterhouseCoopers conducted a survey to reveal what new retirees need to understand to make their retirement more meaningful and to ease this major life transition. The following are powerful insights for those moving toward retirement from those just ahead of you.

Initial Thoughts
Most of the new retirees strongly recommended keeping active, whether in volunteer work, hobbies, travel, reading, or new business ventures. Words of wisdom included:

Use your talents and realize this is a “new beginning” and not an end.
Set goals two to three years in advance. Good planning is helpful … focus on financial and emotional issues.
You should develop a routine (daily) and not just allow things to happen or not happen—you really are on your own—work, family, etc.
Learn to relax without feeling guilty about it! Stay busy, mentally and physically. Remember, it’s never too late to learn new things and improve old things.
Make a priority list of the things you’ve always wanted to do but didn’t have the time to do. Start doing the highest-priority items immediately.
Consider retirement a process rather than an event.
Don’t worry about how you will fill your day. If you are reasonably active physically, have outside interests and are willing to be involved in your community affairs … you will wonder where the time flies. But nail down the finances.

Your Significant Other
A frequently overlooked but important aspect of retirement is the new or different relationship with one’s spouse. A new retiree may need to be careful not to intrude or tread on a spouse’s independent lifestyle. Spouses offered the following comments:

Retirement is great but not for lunch.
Remember we have lives that are already full, and don’t expect to be waited on all the time.
Spouses have their own life in community activities. Make sure you don’t make them feel guilty when they continue their own lives.
Be prepared for a lot of togetherness. [One wife described it as half the money, twice the husband.]
Continue to pursue and respect other interests; take care of your health.
Sit down and review life’s priorities. Develop a jointly agreed-upon plan, together with benchmarks concerning the high-priority items. Allow plenty of time to relax together.

Expectations
Most retirees were surprised at how easy it was to fall into a new routine. Common sentiments included:

Instead of being bored and frustrated I found a new sense of freedom. For the first time in years I was my own boss and totally accountable for my state of mind.
The first six months [were] lonely and depressing that your successors never ask for your advice … followed by bliss!
How hard I thought it would be and how easy it really is.
[I was surprised that] my handicap did not drop by 10 strokes.
[You will be surprised by] how much you will miss the relationships and connections that you leave behind at work.

What They Would Do Differently
Lastly, new retirees were asked what they would have done differently before retiring. Most respondents said they would begin retirement planning, including financial and tax planning, at an earlier stage. Here are some insightful comments on this topic:

Put as much of the financial/administrative side of life on automatic pilot as soon as possible. Simplify and try to get out of the middle of all the minutiae.
We traveled extensively the first year. I would spread it out, but highly recommend travel.
Develop a greater understanding of the income tax considerations in the year of retirement.
I would have said appropriate farewells (good-byes) to all colleagues.
Would have done advance planning (for post-retirement activities) one to two years before actually retiring.

Source: PwC

America — How are you saving?

Vanguard just released their annual report on the state of retirement savings in America: How America Saves 2018

There’s a ton of great info in the report, but we want to highlight some good news…and some bad news.

First, let’s start with the positives:

Participation rates: More people are enrolled in defined-contribution plans;

Portfolio composition: This has improved, as plans have moved away from random fund selection and toward either target-date funds or balanced funds;

Automatic enrollment: Up 300 percent since 2003;

Automatic annual deferral-rate increases: Two-thirds of participants do this;

Account balances: Most have increased substantially.

And, now the bad news:

Total savings: It’s still not enough, and it suggests a large swath of the public either doesn’t save enough or can’t save. You can blame some of it on lack of wage gains during the past few decades. The huge increase in the cost of health care, housing and education certainly doesn’t help. Nor does our profligate, consumption-driven lifestyle. But no matter the reason, the conclusion is inescapable: many Americans are not financially prepared to retire. Perhaps that’s why so many of them are working well into their 80s.

More nudges are needed: Savings for many people are not keeping pace with their pay increases. There is a tendency to set and forget 401(k) contributions, and not revisit the issue ever again. The solution is to have automatic increases for retirement-savings contributions as pay increases.

Target-date funds: These funds automatically adjust the balance of stocks and bonds over time, shifting more heavily toward bonds as the participant gets closer to retirement. The problem is that given increasing modern lifespans, these funds may end up being too conservative in the final decade or two of work for many participants.

To have and to have not: To paraphrase Hemingway, the rich are different: they not only have more money, they also have more retirement savings. The advantages of being wealthy are manifest versus middle- and lower-income savers. Although most of the investment industry targets the wealthy, the underfunded retirement plans of the rest of America continue to be a serious issue.

Spend some time reading through Vanguard’s report to not only help you get the best from your retirement-savings plan, but also help America do better with its future retirement.

Source: Vanguard

8 Ways to Live Well in Your Middle Years

Our mantra at NorthStar Capital Advisors is Plan Well. Invest Well. Live Well.

Here are eight terrific insights on how to live well in your middle years distilled from former NPR reporter Barbara Bradley Hagerty’s new book, Life Reimagined – The Science, Art, and Opportunity of Midlife.

1. Aim for long-term meaning rather than short-term happiness, and you will likely find both
Aristotle suggested as much when he talked about eudaemonia, or the good life: striving with a purpose — raising terrific children, training for a marathon — rather than setting your sights on immediate pleasures, such as enjoying a good meal or a day at the beach. It’s also the best thing you can do for your mind and your health.

2. Choose what matters most
Clayton Christensen at Harvard Business School describes the eroding effect of short-term decisions — specifically, doing the activity that brings you immediate gratification (such as work) and putting off harder but ultimately more fulfilling activities (such as investing in your marriage and children).

3. Lean into fear, not boredom
Most of us become competent at our work by our 40s, and then we have a choice: Play it safe or take a risk. Howard Stevenson, also a professor (emeritus) at Harvard Business School, believes the greatest source of unhappiness in work is risk aversion — which leads to stagnation and resentment. “Ask yourself regularly: How will I use these glorious days left to me for the best purpose?”

4. “At every stage of life, you should be a rookie at something”
This insight comes from Chris Dionigi, a Ph.D. in “weed science” and the deputy director of the National Invasive Species Council (that kind of weed). He believes trying new things and failing keeps you robust. Always have something new and challenging in your life, he says, “and if that something is of service to people and things you care about, you can lead an extraordinary life.”

5. Add punctuation to your life
Young adulthood offers plenty of milestones: graduating from college, starting a career, getting married, having your first child. But Catharine Utzschneider, a professor at the Boston College Sports Leadership Center who trains elite middle-aged athletes, says midlife is like “a book without any structure, without sentences, periods, commas, paragraphs, chapters, with no punctuation. Goals force us to think deliberately.”

6. A few setbacks are just what the doctor ordered
Bad events seem to cluster in midlife — losing a spouse, a marriage, a parent, your job, your perfect health. But people with charmed lives — zero traumas — were unhappier and more easily distressed than people who had suffered a few negative events in their lifetime. According to resilience research, some setbacks give you perspective and help you bounce back.

7. Pay attention: Two of the biggest threats to a seasoned marriage are boredom and mutual neglect
The brain loves novelty, and love researchers say a sure way to revive a marriage on autopilot, at least temporarily, is to mix things up a bit. Go hiking, take a trip to an undiscovered land.

8. Happiness is love. Full stop
This observed wisdom comes from George Vaillant, a psychiatrist and researcher who directed Harvard’s Study of Adult Development for several decades. Vaillant found that the secret to a successful and happy life is not biology. It is not genes. It is not social privilege or education. It is not IQ or even family upbringing. The secret to thriving is warm relationships. Oh, then there’s this happy coda: Second chances present themselves all the time, if you’ll only keep your eyes open.

Source: NPR

Thank You for 12 Years!

Twelve years ago today we launched our financial advisory practice framed upon three starkly beautiful motivations:

To do good
To do well by doing good
To be happy doing well by doing good

Helping families articulate, plan out, and live their great lives is a noble mission that we take up with unyielding energy and commitment.

Stars pivot around the North Star above Maunakea Observatory, Hawai’i

We would like to take this opportunity to thank all of you who’ve helped us on our journey. From the early clients who trusted us from the get go to our friends and family who’ve lent their support in more ways than we can list here. We would not be where we are without each and every one of you.

It has been an exciting and educational journey. As we look back, here are a few things we have learned.

Time is the key, not money. When we meet with prospective clients approaching retirement, universally they express regret that they didn’t get organized and motivated about finances until late in their professional lives. “I wish I would have found you 20 years ago” is the common refrain. Money is a commodity. Time is the precious resource.
Inertia is the enemy. “If you do the same thing you’ve always done, you will get the same thing you’ve always gotten.” Whatever path you are on, look up to the horizon to see where it leads. If you do not like where you are headed, you must pull up the stakes and change direction…NOW!
All successful investing is goal-focused and planning-driven. All failed investing is market-focused and performance-driven. All successful investors are continuously acting on a plan. All failed investors are continually reacting to the markets.

As we look forward to the next few decades of serving our clients and our community, know that we are constantly working to provide a superior client experience. It’s our firm conviction that planning can be the key that unlocks incredible potential for the good of our clients, their families, and their communities.

We look forward to all the future has in store.

With heartfelt gratitude,

Chris Mullis, Ph.D.
on behalf of the NorthStar team

What Buffett Wouldn’t Do and You Shouldn’t Either

People often look to Warren Buffett, one of the greatest investors of all time, for guidance what to do. But what about the opposite? The Oracle of Omaha has a great list of “no-goes” enumerated in this Bloomberg article:

Investing:

Don’t be too fixated on daily moves in the stock market (from Berkshire letter published in 2014)

Don’t get excited about your investment gains when the market is climbing (1996)

Don’t be distracted by macroeconomic forecasts (2004)

Don’t limit yourself to just one industry (2008)

Don’t get taken by formulas (2009)

Don’t be short on cash when you need it most (2010)

Don’t wager against the U.S. and its economic potential (2015)

Management:

Don’t beat yourself up over wrong decisions; take responsibility for them (2001)

Don’t have mandatory retirement ages (1992)

“Don’t ask the barber whether you need a haircut” because the answer will be what’s best for the man with the scissors (1983)

Don’t dawdle (2006)

Don’t interfere with great managers (1994)

Don’t succumb to the attitudes that undermine businesses (2015)

Don’t be greedy about compensation, if you’re my successor (2015)

Source: Bloomberg

Index Card of Personal Finance Essentials

Simplicity is a great foundation and powerful foil to unnecessary complexity. University of Chicago professor Harold Pollack champions this approach to personal finance and dashed out this index card to make his point.

We work with our clients to go above and beyond the common sense, but it’s built upon a strong foundation of essentials similar to Dr. Pollack’s.

Financial Advising Jedi?

Although the recently released “Solo” is losing money for Disney, the older Star Wars movies have some positive money perspective. Ryan Neal has a great piece on “Star Wars” lessons for financial planning. Here are some excerpts and adaptations to help you answer the perennial question, Is my financial advisor a Jedi Master?

The Power of Holistic Planning

As young Skywalker’s advisor, Obi Wan Kenobi teaches him that the Force, an energy field created by all living things that binds the galaxy together, is the source of his power. For financial advisors to truly unlock their potential, they need to have a holistic view of their clients’ financial lives, as well as a mastery of investment strategy. By understanding how various accounts, needs and goals all connect together, an advisor can be a truly powerful guide for their clients.

Sticking to the Plan

While Luke is a neophyte just learning the ways of the Force, Han Solo is a hardened skeptic, disregarding advisors like Obi Wan Kenobi and instead preferring the lifestyle of a risk taker, which has led him to real problems with debt. When Luke gets distracted by Solo’s taunts, Kenobi reminds him to trust in his plan instead of making knee-jerk reactions. While things get rocky along the way, Luke eventually reaches his goal of becoming a Jedi Knight. It’s a good reminder for when the markets get rough: Trust in the plan, mitigate short-term emotional reactions, and focus on long-term goals. Han may call it luck, but advisors know there’s no such thing.

The Quick and Easy Path Leads to the Dark Side

We learn more about the Force in the 1980s’ “Empire Strikes Back,” when Jedi master Yoda teaches Luke about the Dark Side. Like a good advisor, he tells Luke that chasing instant gratification, like investing heavily in a hot stock, can lead to ruin. When Luke ignores the advice, he’s almost defeated by Darth Vader. Yoda reminds us that patience is key with investing, not adventure or excitement.

Know Your Advisor’s True Value

Though his investment strategy might be questionable, Han Solo does understand value. Luke is shocked when Solo initially discloses his fees to pilot them across the galaxy in the Millennium Falcon. Luke says he could buy and pilot his own starship for less, but Obi Wan Kenobi knows expertise can command a fair price and even offers to spend more to ensure results. It turned out that Luke didn’t know flying through hyperspace from dusting crops, and Solo’s experience came in handy.

It’s Not Just About Money

Though Han Solo told Princess Leia that he doesn’t care about her or the rebellion, he becomes a true hero after he realizes that there’s more to life than money. Advisors are worth more than just allocating assets and providing returns; they can be even more valuable to clients by helping them navigate important milestones in life, like buying a home, sending kids to college, and retiring comfortably. Remember what Leia told Han: “If money is all that you love, then that’s what you’ll receive.”

Don’t Judge by Appearances

“Judge me by my size, do you?” Yoda may be small, but his power with the force is great. Similarly, many investors often think bigger is better and don’t realize that small boutique firms can provide superior guidance.

Source: WM

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